25 Best Ideas for Bachelor Parties in Vegas| 2024 (with Photos)

Natalija Marković

Natalija Marković - Travel Writer

Last Updated: January 4, 2024

Hey there! I'm Natalija, and I'm excited to share my top recommendations for an unforgettable bachelor party in the vibrant city of Las Vegas. Get ready to dive into a world of excitement, luxury, and endless entertainment as you celebrate the groom-to-be in style.

Best Ideas for Bachelor Parties in Vegas

Las Vegas is known for being the ultimate party destination, making it the perfect location for a bachelor party.

With countless entertainment options and luxurious amenities, planning the perfect bachelor party in Sin City can be overwhelming. From gambling and nightlife to adrenaline-pumping adventures and relaxation, there are endless possibilities for an unforgettable celebration.

To help you plan the ultimate Las Vegas bachelor party, we've compiled a list of the 25 Best Las Vegas Bachelor Party Ideas, including party buses and lap dances.

Whether you're looking for a wild weekend or a more low-key celebration, this guide has something for every groom-to-be and his group of friends.

Most Recommended Thing to Do

Visit the Las Vegas Strip.

Top Choice Hotel

Bellagio Hotel

Our Top Choice Restaurant

Joël Robuchon.

Our Top Choice Bar for Nightlife

Marquee Nightclub

Best Time to Visit

Ideal weather for outdoor activities and entertainment in Las Vegas

Average Temperature

Hot and dry with scorching temperatures in Las Vegas.

Transportation Options

Taxis, buses, shuttles, rental cars, rideshare services.

Average Cost ($, $$, $$$)

$$

My Top Recommendation

Las Vegas, also known as the Entertainment Capital of the World, offers an unforgettable experience that caters to every personality and interest. Whether you're a fan of vibrant nightlife or seeking exhilarating adventures, this bustling city has something to offer for everyone. From strolling along the famous Las Vegas Strip, where dazzling lights and iconic landmarks line the streets, to indulging in world-class cuisine and entertainment, Las Vegas is a haven for those seeking excitement, glamour, and non-stop fun.

While in Las Vegas, make sure to explore the city's renowned casinos and try your luck at the mesmerizing slot machines or thrilling table games. Additionally, catch a show at one of the many grand theaters and witness dazzling performances by world-class artists. Don't forget to take advantage of the city's breathtaking rooftop bars, where you can enjoy breathtaking views of the illuminated cityscape while sipping on signature cocktails. Las Vegas truly embodies the spirit of memorable experiences and guarantees to leave you with lifelong memories of your visit.

What You'll Need to Bring

  1. Passport/ID
  2. Cash/Credit cards
  3. Comfortable walking shoes
  4. Sunscreen/sunglasses
  5. Lightweight, breathable clothing
  6. Camera/phone for capturing memories
  7. Travel adapter for charging devices
  8. Travel insurance
  9. Travel itinerary/map of the city
  10. Medications/first aid kit

What Not to Miss

  1. The iconic Las Vegas Strip
  2. The Bellagio Fountains
  3. The High Roller Observation Wheel at The LINQ Promenade
  4. Fremont Street Experience
  5. Cirque du Soleil shows
  6. The Mob Museum
  7. The Neon Museum
  8. Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area
  9. The Grand Canal Shoppes at The Venetian
  10. The Eiffel Tower Experience at Paris Las Vegas

What to Avoid

  1. Overindulging in gambling or alcohol
  2. Walking alone in sketchy neighborhoods or at night
  3. Falling for tourist traps or scams
  4. Ignoring the extreme desert heat and not drinking enough water
  5. Wasting money on unnecessary souvenirs or expensive shows
  6. Getting involved in illegal or illicit activities
  7. Disrespecting local customs and etiquette
  8. Being careless with personal belongings and valuables
  9. Underestimating the amount of walking needed and not wearing comfortable shoes
  10. Forgetting to plan your itinerary and missing out on popular attractions or events.

1. Go to Las Vegas Motor Speedway

Las Vegas Motor Speedway

For a Las Vegas bachelor party filled with adrenaline and speed, the Las Vegas Motor Speedway is the perfect destination. The speedway offers a range of thrilling experiences, from NASCAR-style racing to exotic car driving and go-karting.

You and your group can hit speeds of up to 100 mph on the track or take on the challenging twists and turns of a go-kart course.

The speedway also offers VIP packages that include private tours of the facility, access to exclusive areas, and even a chance to ride a shotgun with a professional driver.

A bachelor party at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway is sure to be a memorable and exciting experience for any groom-to-be and his group of friends.

2. Visit the Las Vegas Strip

The Ultimate Bachelor Party on the Las Vegas Strip

The Las Vegas Strip on Las Vegas Boulevard is the ultimate destination for a Las Vegas bachelor party. With an endless array of activities, entertainment, and nightlife, the Las Vegas Strip has something for everyone.

Start the night with a party bus tour of the Strip, complete with drinks and music, and make your way to some of the city's most famous casinos, such as the Bellagio, the Venetian, and the Wynn.

Enjoy a few rounds of gambling and then head to one of the Strip's famous restaurants for a luxurious dinner. After dinner, take in a show, such as Cirque du Soleil or a magic show, and then head to one of the many nightclubs for a VIP experience.

The Las Vegas Boulevard is home to some of the world's most famous clubs, including Omnia, Hakkasan, and XS.

For the adventurous groom, the Strip also offers thrilling activities such as indoor skydiving and ziplining. And of course, no bachelor party in Vegas would be complete without a visit to a strip club, such as Sapphire or Spearmint Rhino.

A bachelor party on Las Vegas Boulevard promises an unforgettable experience for the groom and his friends, with a party atmosphere that can't be matched anywhere else.

3. A Memorable Bachelor Party Experience in Downtown Las Vegas

Fremont Street

A bachelor party in downtown Las Vegas can be an exciting and memorable experience. The city offers endless entertainment options, from world-class casinos and shows to delicious dining and high-energy nightclubs.

For those looking for a classic Vegas experience, Fremont Street is a must-visit destination. Known as the "original" Las Vegas, this iconic street is home to several historic casinos, neon lights, and street performers.

For a unique thrill, visitors can ride the SlotZilla zip line from one end of Fremont Street to the other.

Foodies will appreciate the many dining options downtown, including gourmet burgers at the Heart Attack Grill, sushi at the trendy Sake Rok, and Italian cuisine at the classic Chicago Joe's.

And no trip to Vegas is complete without a visit to a rooftop bar or nightclub, such as Commonwealth or Drai's Beachclub and Nightclub.

Overall, the downtown Las Vegas bachelor party is sure to be an unforgettable experience filled with excitement, adventure, and entertainment.

4. Experience Luxury and Excitement: Bachelor Party at Sahara Las Vegas

Sahara Las Vegas

Sahara Las Vegas is a fantastic option for a bachelor party that combines luxury and excitement. The hotel boasts a 60,000-square-foot casino, featuring a variety of games and entertainment options.

The rooftop pool is a perfect place to relax and soak up the sun during the day, while the hotel's nightclubs and bars come to life at night.

The property also has a high-end steakhouse and several other dining options, ensuring that you and your group can indulge in delicious food and drinks.

A Las Vegas bachelor party at Sahara Las Vegas promises a luxurious and unforgettable experience.

5. Unforgettable Entertainment: Las Vegas Bachelor Party at a Strip Club

Strip Club

A bachelor party at a Sin City strip club promises an unforgettable night of entertainment. With VIP bottle service and lap dances, this will be one of the bachelor parties for the whole group to remember.

Many strip clubs offer personalized attention from the performers, ensuring that the night is unforgettable.

VIP packages often include private rooms and access to exclusive areas, providing a luxurious experience for the group.

While a bachelor party at a Las Vegas strip club is not for everyone, it offers an exciting and memorable option for those looking to celebrate in Las Vegas.

6. Soaking Up the Sun: The Ultimate Bachelor Pool Party in Las Vegas

Bachelor Pool Party in Las Vegas

A bachelor pool party is the ultimate way to celebrate the groom-to-be's last fling before the ring. Las Vegas offers an array of pool party options, ranging from lively day clubs with world-renowned DJs to more intimate private pools.

Many pool parties offer VIP bottle service and private cabanas, ensuring a truly luxurious experience for the bachelor and his group of friends.

In addition to swimming and sunbathing, pool party activities can include poolside games, live entertainment, and even water sports. Or just grab a few drinks from the pool bar and relax.

A bachelor pool party is a perfect opportunity to relax and enjoy the company of friends while soaking up the Las Vegas sunshine and creating unforgettable memories.

7. Best Las Vegas Bachelor Party Ideas at Caesars Palace

Caesars Palace

Caesars Palace is a classic Las Vegas hotel that offers a range of bachelor party ideas for groups looking to celebrate in style.

The hotel offers a variety of swanky hotel rooms, ranging from classic Roman-inspired decor to more contemporary designs.

The hotel boasts a massive casino with a variety of games and entertainment options, as well as a luxurious spa and several high-end restaurants.

The nightlife at Caesars Palace is also top-notch, featuring world-class nightclubs and bars that cater to all tastes.

Sin City, known as the entertainment capital of the world, offers endless entertainment options, from thrilling shows and performances to adrenaline-pumping activities like zip-lining and bungee jumping.

8. Indulge in Luxury: Bachelor Party at Wynn Las Vegas

Wynn Las Vegas

Wynn Las Vegas is a luxurious resort that provides an ideal setting for a Las Vegas bachelor party. The hotel features an opulent casino with a variety of games and entertainment options, as well as a range of fine dining options, including restaurants from celebrity chefs.

For the golf enthusiasts in your group, Wynn Las Vegas also features a championship 18-hole golf course designed by Tom Fazio and Steve Wynn.

The Wynn Golf Club offers a picturesque setting with stunning views of the Las Vegas skyline and is an excellent way to enjoy the beautiful Las Vegas weather while engaging in a friendly competition with your friends.

The hotel's nightlife is also top-rated, with multiple nightclubs and bars to choose from, each with a unique atmosphere and entertainment options.

In addition to the stunning pool area, Wynn Las Vegas is also home to some of the most lavish Las Vegas pool parties. With private cabanas, VIP bottle service, and world-famous DJs, the hotel's pool parties offer an unforgettable experience for bachelor parties in Vegas.

9. A Grand Adventure: Bachelor Party at the Grand Canyon

Grand Canyon

A bachelor party at the Grand Canyon offers a unique and breathtaking experience.

With its stunning natural beauty, the Grand Canyon provides a picturesque backdrop for a variety of activities, including hiking, rafting, and helicopter tours.

For an adrenaline-pumping adventure, the group can take a white-water rafting trip down the Colorado River or soar above the canyon on a helicopter tour.

Alternatively, a peaceful hike along the rim of the canyon can provide a more relaxed and contemplative experience.

After a day of adventure, the group can relax and unwind in one of the nearby towns or resorts, enjoying the local cuisine and nightlife.

10. Bachelor Party Adventure: Shooting Range Fun at Battlefield Las Vegas

Shooting Range Fun at Battlefield Las Vegas

For the adrenaline junkies in your group, a Las Vegas bachelor party at Battlefield promises to be an unforgettable experience.

The premier outdoor shooting range offers a range of packages that include everything from handguns to machine guns and even tanks.

The knowledgeable and experienced staff provides safety instruction and ensures that everyone has a fun and safe time.

A bachelor party at Battlefield Las Vegas is perfect for a group looking for an action-packed adventure that they will never forget.

11. Party on Wheels: The Ultimate Bachelor Party Bus Experience in Las Vegas

Party Bus Experience in Las Vegas

A bachelor party bus is an exciting way to explore Las Vegas with your friends. The party bus is equipped with luxurious amenities like leather seating, sound systems, and even stripper poles.

With a dedicated driver, you and your group can safely travel to different destinations on the Strip and experience everything Las Vegas has to offer, from nightclubs to strip clubs and beyond.

Many Las Vegas bachelor party bus packages also include VIP entry into nightclubs and bottle service, making for an unforgettable night out.

12. Poolside Paradise: Bachelor Party Fun at Encore Beach Club in Las Vegas

Encore Beach Club in Las Vegas

For the best bachelor party in Las Vegas, Encore Beach Club is the perfect destination for a day of sun, drinks, and good times.

This vibrant pool club features luxurious cabanas, daybeds, and lounges, making it the perfect place to relax and unwind.

The club offers premium bottle service, and there are numerous bars and food options available to keep your group satisfied. Plus, the club's resident DJs provide an energetic soundtrack to keep the party going all day long.

A Las Vegas bachelor party at Encore Beach Club offers an unparalleled day party experience that you and your friends won't soon forget.

13. The Ultimate Bachelor Party at MGM Grand Las Vegas

Hakkasan at MGM Grand

MGM Grand Hotel & Casino Las Vegas is an excellent choice for a bachelor party, offering a luxurious and exciting experience in the heart of the Las Vegas Strip.

With over 5,000 rooms and suites, the MGM Grand has something for everyone, from comfortable and affordable accommodations to luxurious and spacious suites with breathtaking views of the city.

Las Vegas is known for its endless entertainment options, and the MGM Grand has plenty of them. Guests can enjoy world-class dining at celebrity chef restaurants, catch a show at the MGM Grand Garden Arena, or dance the night away at Hakkasan Nightclub.

For those looking for unique bachelor party ideas, it offers a variety of experiences, including a whiskey tasting at the Whiskey Down lounge or a private gaming experience at the Mansion.

Guests can also indulge in some relaxation at the Grand Spa or soak up the sun at the sprawling pool complex.

Overall, a bachelor party at the MGM Grand Las Vegas is sure to be an unforgettable experience filled with luxury, excitement, and entertainment.

14. Party All Night: Bachelor Party on the Dance Floor

OMNIA Nightclub

A Las Vegas bachelor party on the dance floor is a classic and fun way to celebrate the groom-to-be's last night of freedom.

Las Vegas has some of the best nightclubs in the world, each offering unique experiences and entertainment options.

From the high-energy atmosphere of Omnia and Hakkasan to the more intimate vibes of XS and Marquee, there is a nightclub for every group.

Top-notch DJs and stunning light shows are just some of the features that make a Las Vegas nightclub experience unforgettable.

Dancing the night away with your closest friends is a surefire way to make memories that will last a lifetime.

15. The Ultimate Bachelor Party Destination: Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas

Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas

Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino is a premier destination for a bachelor party in Las Vegas. The hotel boasts a luxurious casino, world-class entertainment options, and fine dining experiences that cater to all tastes.

Mandalay Bay is also home to several nightclubs, including the renowned LIGHT Nightclub, which features state-of-the-art technology and world-class DJs.

The hotel's famous Mandalay Bay Beach is another must-visit attraction, complete with a wave pool, lazy river, and private cabanas for rent.

For thrill-seekers, Mandalay Bay also features an indoor skydiving experience at the Fly LINQ attraction.

With its luxurious amenities and range of entertainment options, a bachelor party at Mandalay Bay promises to be an unforgettable experience.

16. Unforgettable Adventure: Bachelor Party at Lake Mead

Lake Mead

A Las Vegas bachelor party at Lake Mead offers a unique and memorable experience for the groom-to-be and his friends.

Located just outside of Las Vegas, Lake Mead is the largest reservoir in the United States and offers a wide range of activities for outdoor enthusiasts.

Guests can spend the day boating, fishing, water skiing, or tubing on the lake, or take a guided tour of the Hoover Dam, which is located nearby.

For those who prefer to stay on land, the area offers hiking and camping opportunities with stunning views of the surrounding desert landscape.

Lake Mead also offers a break from the typical party scene found on the Las Vegas Strip, providing a more relaxed and laid-back atmosphere.

This makes it an ideal destination for a bachelor party looking to escape the hustle and bustle of the city and enjoy some quality time in nature.

17. Taking Bachelor Party Fun to New Heights: Helicopter Rides in Las Vegas

Helicopter Rides in Las Vegas

For those looking for unique Las Vegas bachelor party ideas, there are plenty of options, including a helicopter tour of the Grand Canyon.

A bachelor party with a helicopter ride is an unforgettable experience that offers a unique perspective of Las Vegas and its surrounding areas. Guests can take a scenic tour of the city's iconic landmarks, such as the Strip, the Bellagio Fountains, and the Hoover Dam, from high above.

During the helicopter ride, you and your group can enjoy champagne and snacks while taking in the spectacular sights below. Many companies also offer customizable packages, such as combining a helicopter ride with a VIP nightclub experience or a shooting range outing.

A helicopter ride is a unique and exciting way to celebrate a bachelor party and create memories that will last a lifetime.

18. Swinging into Bachelorhood: The Ultimate Golf Course Bachelor Party

Chimera Golf Club

Golf courses can be a great option for a bachelor party, especially for those who enjoy the sport.

Many golf courses in popular destinations like Las Vegas offer packages specifically tailored for bachelor parties, which can include everything from green fees and cart rentals to food and beverage options.

In addition to the golf itself, some golf courses also offer additional amenities like private cabanas and pool areas, making it a great way to combine a day of sport with relaxation and socializing with friends.

For those who want to take it to the next level, some courses also offer caddies in bikini tops or other themed outfits, adding a fun and playful element to the day.

19. Soaring High: Bachelor Party at the Stratosphere Tower

Stratosphere Tower

Stratosphere Tower is a must-visit destination for an unforgettable bachelor party in Las Vegas. This iconic tower is home to some of the most thrilling and adrenaline-pumping rides in the city, including the SkyJump and the X-Scream.

For a more relaxing experience, the tower also boasts some of the best panoramic views of the Las Vegas Strip. You can enjoy a delicious meal at the Top of the World restaurant, which offers stunning views while you dine.

To make the most of your experience, consider booking a private event at the Stratosphere Tower, complete with VIP service and special amenities. A Las Vegas bachelor party at this unique venue is sure to be one for the books.

20. Sleek and Sophisticated: A Bachelor Party at Aria Resort and Casino in Las Vegas

 Aria Resort and Casino in Las Vegas

The Aria Resort and Casino in Las Vegas for a bachelor party weekend is an excellent choice. This modern and sleek resort boasts spacious rooms, a luxurious spa, and an expansive casino floor, providing endless opportunities for excitement and relaxation.

Aria offers a diverse range of dining options, from celebrity chef restaurants to casual cafes, and guests can enjoy a variety of entertainment options, including live shows and performances.

For a night out, guests can visit the resort's popular nightclub, Jewel, featuring world-class DJs and a stunning interior design.

Additionally, Aria's location on the Las Vegas Strip makes it easy to explore the city's other attractions, from the Bellagio Fountains to the High Roller observation wheel.

Overall, Aria Resort and Casino provide a sophisticated and indulgent setting for a bachelor party in Las Vegas. It's an excellent destination for anyone looking to celebrate in style and create unforgettable memories with friends.

21. Rocking the Bachelor Party: A Night at T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas

T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas

T-Mobile Arena is a world-class venue that offers an exceptional experience for bachelor parties in Vegas. The arena is home to some of the biggest entertainment events in the world, from concerts to sporting events.

For a Las Vegas bachelor party, T-Mobile Arena can be an unforgettable destination, with VIP suites available for private bachelor parties in Vegas with exclusive access to premium food and drinks.

The arena also offers unparalleled views of the Las Vegas Strip from its upper levels, and the electric atmosphere of a live event can make for a truly unforgettable night.

Whether you're looking to catch a big game or see your favorite artist perform, T-Mobile Arena is an excellent choice for a bachelor party.

22. Rolling the Dice: A Bachelor Party at a Las Vegas Casino

New York - New York Hotel & Casino Las Vegas

Las Vegas is home to some of the most iconic casinos in the world, offering endless opportunities for gambling, entertainment, and luxury amenities.

Guests can hit the tables, slots, or sportsbooks, and try their luck at winning big. The casinos also offer world-class dining and entertainment options, including celebrity chef restaurants, live shows, and concerts.

In addition to the casinos, Las Vegas offers a variety of other activities and attractions for bachelor parties. Guests can hit the nightclubs, take a helicopter tour of the city's iconic landmarks, or enjoy adventure sports like skydiving or ATV tours.

With a wide range of activities and attractions, Las Vegas is the perfect destination for a memorable bachelor party.

23. Living the High Life: A Bachelor Party at The Palazzo in Las Vegas

Tao Nightclub

When looking for a place to have fun in Las Vegas for a bachelor party the Palazzo is an ideal destination. This elegant resort boasts spacious suites, high-end restaurants, designer shops, and a world-class casino, making it the perfect base for a weekend of indulgence and celebration.

Guests can enjoy a variety of activities and attractions, including lounging by the pool, taking in a show, or hitting the tables at the casino. The Palazzo also offers a variety of nightlife options, including the famous Tao Nightclub, which features multiple dance floors, private skyboxes, and celebrity guests.

In addition to the resort's amenities, the Palazzo's location on the Las Vegas Strip makes it easy to explore the city's other attractions, from the Bellagio Fountains to the High Roller observation wheel.

Overall, the Palazzo offers a luxurious and unforgettable bachelor party experience in the heart of Las Vegas. It's the perfect destination for anyone looking to celebrate in style and create lasting memories with friends.

24. Experience Unforgettable Nights: Las Vegas Bachelor Party at Crazy Horse III

Crazy Horse III

Crazy Horse III is a popular destination for Las Vegas bachelor parties, offering an unforgettable nightlife experience. The club boasts multiple bars, VIP areas, and a stage for live performances.

Crazy Horse III offers a variety of packages to choose from, including bottle service and private rooms, allowing guests to tailor their experience to fit their preferences and budget.

The club also features some of the most beautiful and talented dancers in Las Vegas, providing a high-energy and entertaining atmosphere.

In addition to the club's nightlife, guests can also take advantage of the many dining, entertainment, and outdoor activities that Las Vegas has to offer. From fine dining to adventure sports, there's something for everyone in this vibrant city.

Overall, a bachelor party at Crazy Horse III is a wild and unforgettable way to celebrate.

25. Escape the Ordinary: Unleashing Fun and Adventure at Las Vegas Escape Rooms for Bachelor Parties

Las Vegas Escape Rooms

If you're looking for a unique and challenging group activity for your bachelor party in Las Vegas, an escape room is an excellent option.

These immersive experiences require participants to work together to solve puzzles and clues in order to escape a themed room within a set time limit.

Escape rooms in Las Vegas offer a variety of themes, from haunted houses to bank heists to space adventures. Some popular options include The Basement at Escape Reality, The Study at Xterious Escape, and The Great Escape Room.

Escape rooms offer a unique challenge that can bring out the best in teamwork and problem-solving skills. Plus, they're a great way to beat the heat during the hot summer months in Vegas.

Overall, an escape room experience is a must-try activity for any group looking for a thrilling adventure in Sin City.

FAQs Relating to Bachelor Parties in Vegas

Let's take a look at the most frequently asked questions about bachelor parties in Vegas.

How much does a bachelor party in Vegas cost?

Las Vegas offers a wide range of bachelor party ideas, including strip clubs and pool parties. The cost of a Las Vegas bachelor party can vary depending on the chosen activities. With careful planning, the groom and his friends can enjoy the ultimate entertainment capital and create unforgettable memories in Sin City.

Is Vegas good for a bachelor party?

Las Vegas bachelor parties are a great choice, offering VIP entry and party packages to exclusive nightclubs featuring DJs like Calvin Harris. Private champagne-filled skyboxes at strip clubs and even attending several NASCAR races are options for groups. Luxury limo transportation and accommodations at top strip resorts add to the experience.

How do you throw a bachelor party in Vegas?

To throw the best bachelor party in Vegas, you could rent a party bus and hit up a few bars. Las Vegas is known for its boisterous bachelor parties, stunning scenery, and swim-up bars. Consider staying at a hotel like Planet Hollywood and taking advantage of their party packages. You can also take a day trip to Red Rock Canyon or enjoy thrill rides at the Strat.

What to do at a bachelor party in Sin City?

There are plenty of Las Vegas bachelor party ideas to keep you entertained. Hit up a strip club, go for some fun testing, take on some thrill rides, and enjoy a few drinks. Stag parties in Vegas can also enjoy shopping at the Miracle Mile Shops.

Summing Up: The Best Ideas for Bachelor Parties in Vegas

Las Vegas offers an abundance of unforgettable bachelor party activities within its city limits. Coming to Vegas for a bachelor party is an exciting and unforgettable way to celebrate and create lasting memories with friends.

The city's party atmosphere is unmatched, making it the perfect destination for stag parties. Las Vegas is such a popular activity for a reason; it's the entertainment capital of the world and is known as Sin City for a good reason.

No matter what type of bachelor party you're planning, Las Vegas is sure to deliver an unforgettable experience filled with excitement, especially if ''lady luck'' has anything to do with it.

Now, you have ideas for your next bachelor parties in Vegas. It's time to start planning. 

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